Canadian Comfortable Income Survey of 79 Cities
MoneySense calculates annual income standards for comfortable living based on cost of living data
MoneySense surveyed living costs in 79 Canadian cities to determine the annual income needed for comfortable living in each location. According to the new survey, a household income of $100,000 per year is necessary for many Canadians to feel comfortable. However, the income needed for comfort varies significantly based on age, family size, home ownership status, and location.
Comfortable Income Calculation Method
The MoneySense survey uses actual cost of living data and applies a “2x basic living expenses” formula to calculate comfortable income. Here’s the detailed calculation method:
- Basic Living Expenses: Includes housing (rent or mortgage, property fees, utilities, home insurance), daily expenses (food, transportation, healthcare, clothing) and other costs (entertainment, savings, education, travel), typically accounting for 50% of monthly income.
- 2x Formula: Comfortable income is defined as 2 times monthly basic expenses to ensure a balance between basic needs, adequate savings, and quality of life. For example, if a city’s monthly basic expenses are $4,500, the comfortable monthly income would be $9,000, or $108,000 annually.
- Example – Toronto:
- Housing (45%): $2,000 (one-bedroom rent) + $200 (utilities) = $2,200
- Food (15%): $500 (groceries and dining out)
- Transportation (10%): $150 (transit pass or car expenses)
- Healthcare (5%): $200 (insurance and out-of-pocket medical)
- Other (25%): $450 (entertainment, savings, clothing, etc.)
- Total Monthly Basic Expenses: $4,500
- Comfortable Income: $4,500 × 2 = $9,000/month, $108,000/year
- Influencing Factors: Family size (single vs. with children), housing status (renting vs. owning), regional differences (big cities vs. small towns), tax policies, etc., all affect basic expenses and comfortable income.
The survey covers 79 major cities across 10 Canadian provinces, with data reflecting 2025 actual cost of living levels. It’s recommended to adjust budgets according to personal circumstances.
Comfortable Income Data for Major Cities
The table below lists comfortable income standards for major Canadian cities and some smaller cities, based on MoneySense’s 2x basic living expenses calculation method. Since complete data for all 79 cities needs to be obtained through official MoneySense channels, some data are estimates based on Numbeo, WOWA.ca, and Statistics Canada. Readers are advised to refer to the complete MoneySense report for precise data.
City | Province | Monthly Basic Expenses (CAD) | Comfortable Monthly Income (CAD) | Comfortable Annual Income (CAD) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Vancouver | British Columbia | $4,800 | $9,600 | $115,200 |
Victoria | British Columbia | $4,200 | $8,400 | $100,800 |
Kelowna | British Columbia | $3,900 | $7,800 | $93,600 |
Nanaimo | British Columbia | $3,600 | $7,200 | $86,400 |
Kamloops | British Columbia | $3,500 | $7,000 | $84,000 |
Calgary | Alberta | $3,800 | $7,600 | $91,200 |
Edmonton | Alberta | $3,500 | $7,000 | $84,000 |
Red Deer | Alberta | $3,200 | $6,400 | $76,800 |
Lethbridge | Alberta | $3,100 | $6,200 | $74,400 |
Medicine Hat | Alberta | $3,000 | $6,000 | $72,000 |
Regina | Saskatchewan | $3,100 | $6,200 | $74,400 |
Saskatoon | Saskatchewan | $3,200 | $6,400 | $76,800 |
Prince Albert | Saskatchewan | $2,900 | $5,800 | $69,600 |
Winnipeg | Manitoba | $3,200 | $6,400 | $76,800 |
Brandon | Manitoba | $2,800 | $5,600 | $67,200 |
Thompson | Manitoba | $2,900 | $5,800 | $69,600 |
Toronto | Ontario | $4,500 | $9,000 | $108,000 |
Ottawa | Ontario | $3,700 | $7,400 | $88,800 |
Hamilton | Ontario | $3,600 | $7,200 | $86,400 |
Kitchener | Ontario | $3,500 | $7,000 | $84,000 |
London | Ontario | $3,400 | $6,800 | $81,600 |
Windsor | Ontario | $3,200 | $6,400 | $76,800 |
Kingston | Ontario | $3,300 | $6,600 | $79,200 |
Thunder Bay | Ontario | $3,100 | $6,200 | $74,400 |
Montreal | Quebec | $3,200 | $6,400 | $76,800 |
Quebec City | Quebec | $3,000 | $6,000 | $72,000 |
Gatineau | Quebec | $3,100 | $6,200 | $74,400 |
Sherbrooke | Quebec | $2,900 | $5,800 | $69,600 |
Trois-Rivières | Quebec | $2,800 | $5,600 | $67,200 |
Fredericton | New Brunswick | $3,000 | $6,000 | $72,000 |
Moncton | New Brunswick | $2,900 | $5,800 | $69,600 |
Saint John | New Brunswick | $2,800 | $5,600 | $67,200 |
Halifax | Nova Scotia | $3,300 | $6,600 | $79,200 |
Sydney | Nova Scotia | $2,800 | $5,600 | $67,200 |
Charlottetown | Prince Edward Island | $2,900 | $5,800 | $69,600 |
St. John’s | Newfoundland and Labrador | $3,100 | $6,200 | $74,400 |
Corner Brook | Newfoundland and Labrador | $2,800 | $5,600 | $67,200 |
City Data Acquisition Note
The MoneySense survey calculates comfortable income based on the 2x basic living expenses standard. Since complete data for all 79 cities needs to be obtained through official channels, some data in the table come from Numbeo, WOWA.ca, and Statistics Canada, with some being estimates based on regional trends. Readers are advised to visit the official MoneySense website for the complete report.
— Based on MoneySense survey methodology and public data
Cities Requiring Highest Income for Financial Comfort
The following five cities require the highest annual income to achieve financial comfort, primarily due to high housing costs and overall living expenses:
Vancouver ($115,200/year)
Vancouver has Canada’s highest cost of living, with high housing prices (one-bedroom rent around $2,500) and high daily expenses driving up comfortable income requirements.
Toronto ($108,000/year)
Toronto has soaring housing prices and rents (one-bedroom rent around $2,000), plus higher dining and transportation costs, requiring higher income to maintain comfortable living.
Victoria ($100,800/year)
Victoria’s cost of living approaches Vancouver’s, with high housing costs (rent around $2,000) but slightly fewer job opportunities.
Kelowna ($93,600/year)
Kelowna has seen rising housing prices in recent years, with living costs gradually approaching major metropolitan areas, though salary levels may be lower.
Calgary ($91,200/year)
Calgary has lower housing costs than Vancouver and Toronto, but higher energy and living expenses require higher income.
Cities Where Comfortable Income is Easiest to Achieve
These cities have lower living costs and relatively higher local median incomes, making it easier for residents to reach comfortable income standards (based on Numbeo and Statistics Canada data):
Trois-Rivières ($67,200/year)
Trois-Rivières in Quebec has low living costs (rent around $800) and median income around $60,000, making it easy to achieve comfortable income.
Saint John ($67,200/year)
Saint John in New Brunswick has low rent (around $850) and median income around $62,000, with less financial pressure.
Sydney ($67,200/year)
Sydney in Nova Scotia has low living costs (rent around $800) and median income around $58,000, suitable for budget-conscious families.
Corner Brook ($67,200/year)
Corner Brook in Newfoundland and Labrador has low housing and living expenses (rent around $800) and median income around $60,000.
Brandon ($67,200/year)
Brandon in Manitoba has low living costs (rent around $750) and median income around $65,000, making it easy to achieve financial comfort.
Regional Differences in Income Standards
Income Requirement Differences by City Type
Metropolitan Areas (Toronto, Vancouver)
High housing costs, convenient transportation, abundant job opportunities, but overall living costs significantly higher than national average.
- Housing costs account for a higher proportion of income
- Well-developed public transit but not inexpensive
- Abundant dining and entertainment options but higher prices
- Relatively higher income levels
Medium-sized Cities (Calgary, Ottawa)
Relatively balanced living costs, housing prices lower than metropolitan areas, while still offering good quality of life.
- More housing options at relatively reasonable prices
- Moderate transportation costs
- Well-developed living facilities
- Sufficient job opportunities
Small Cities and Towns
Low living costs, light housing burden, but limited employment options, some goods and services may be more expensive.
- Significantly lower housing costs
- Reduced daily living expenses
- Possible increase in commuting costs
- Higher prices for some professional services
Components of Comfortable Income
Housing Cost Proportion
Main Components: Rent or mortgage, utilities, property fees, home insurance, and other housing-related expenses
- Renting: Monthly rent and related costs
- Home ownership: Mortgage payments, property tax
- Utilities: Water, electricity, gas expenses
- Home maintenance: Routine repairs and upkeep
Daily Living Expenses
Basic Needs: Food, transportation, healthcare, clothing, and other daily essential expenses
- Groceries: Household food purchases
- Transportation: Public transit, car-related costs
- Healthcare: Insurance and medical expenses
- Clothing and essentials: Basic living supplies
Other Expense Factors
Quality of Life: Entertainment, savings, education, travel, and other expenses that enhance quality of life
- Entertainment: Dining out, recreational activities
- Savings and investments: Retirement savings, emergency funds
- Education expenses: Children’s education-related costs
- Other consumption: Personal hobbies, travel, etc.
Data Sources and Survey Basis
MoneySense Survey Explanation
The survey is based on authoritative data sources including Statistics Canada official data, local real estate board information, cost of living indices, etc., comprehensively calculating comfortable living income standards for each city. Data reflects 2025 actual cost of living levels.
— MoneySense 2025 Cost of Living Survey
Income Standard Definition
“Comfortable income” is defined as the annual income level that can meet basic living needs, maintain reasonable quality of life, and allow for adequate savings and entertainment expenses. The standard considers expenses in housing, food, transportation, healthcare, entertainment, savings, and other aspects.
— Survey Methodology Explanation
Key Factors Influencing Income Standards
Factors Creating Income Requirement Differences
Geographical Factors
Living costs vary significantly between different cities and regions, mainly reflected in housing costs, transportation expenses, and daily consumption prices.
- Large cities: Typically higher housing costs
- Small cities: Relatively lower overall living costs
- Remote areas: Some goods may be more expensive
- Provincial differences: Tax policies vary by province
Family Structure Impact
Family size, age structure, number of children and other factors directly affect living expenses and income requirements.
- Single-person households: Relatively fixed basic living costs
- Two-person households: Some costs can be shared
- Families with children: Increased education and healthcare expenses
- Senior households: Increased healthcare needs
Housing Status Differences
Home ownership status greatly impacts income requirements, with completely different cost structures for renting versus buying.
- Renters: Need to bear ongoing rental expenses
- Homeowners: Mortgage, maintenance, property taxes, etc.
- Mortgage-free homeowners: Mainly maintenance and taxes
- Housing type: Cost differences between houses vs. apartments
Survey Data Application Instructions
Application Scenario | Data Usage | Reference Value | Considerations |
---|---|---|---|
Immigration Planning | Assessing post-immigration living costs | Provides basic income expectations | Need to combine with personal实际情况 |
Career Choice | Evaluating if salary level is sufficient | Helps with salary negotiation reference | Consider industry and experience differences |
Residence Location Choice | Comparing living costs across cities | Supports relocation decisions | Consider employment opportunity differences |
Financial Planning | Developing household budget plans | Setting income targets | Requires personalized adjustments |
Survey Limitations Explanation
This survey data is calculated based on average living costs, and individual actual needs may vary significantly due to lifestyle, consumption habits, health status, family special needs, and other factors. Some city data are estimates based on public sources, and readers are advised to visit the official MoneySense website directly to obtain complete data for all 79 cities. Survey data reflects 2025 market conditions, and actual costs may change with time and economic environment.
Data Sources: MoneySense 2025 Canadian Cost of Living Survey, Numbeo, WOWA.ca, Statistics Canada
Survey Basis: Statistics Canada official data, local real estate boards, cost of living indices
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